Which class of drugs is most likely to be effective against SARS-CoV-2 based on its genetic makeup?

Protease inhibitors are a class of drugs that target specific viral enzymes essential for the replication of viruses. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, it utilizes its own proteases to process viral polyproteins into functional proteins required for viral assembly and replication. By inhibiting these proteases, these drugs can effectively reduce the viral load and hinder the virus's ability to proliferate.

The genetic makeup of SARS-CoV-2 reveals distinct protease enzymes, such as the main protease (Mpro), which has been a target for therapeutic intervention. Research and clinical outcomes have highlighted the potential effectiveness of protease inhibitors in managing infections caused by this virus, making them a crucial consideration in treatment strategies.

In contrast, other drug classes listed may not directly target the mechanisms utilized by SARS-CoV-2. For example, neuraminidase inhibitors primarily work against influenza viruses and are not effective against coronaviruses. Nucleoside analogues can interfere with viral RNA synthesis but may not be as specifically targeted as protease inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, while relevant in managing cardiovascular issues, do not have direct antiviral activity against this specific virus.